Uzbekistan is undertaking a major transformation of its enforcement system, introducing digital processes, artificial intelligence, and new mechanisms aimed at increasing efficiency and reducing reliance on manual intervention.

The reform reflects a broader shift toward automation, data-driven enforcement, and redistribution of functions between state authorities and creditors.

Automation and AI-driven enforcement

 

A central element of the reform is the large-scale integration of artificial intelligence into enforcement proceedings.

The framework targets:

• execution of up to 30% of enforcement cases without involvement of state bailiffs;
• automation of at least 70% of decisions taken by enforcement officers;
• elimination of manual processes where possible.

As reflected in the decree, AI technologies and upgraded information systems will be used to accelerate execution procedures and reduce the human factor in decision-making.

Full transition to electronic enforcement proceedings

 

The reform introduces a comprehensive digital enforcement environment, including:

• transition of enforcement case management to electronic form;
• digitalization of workflows related to execution of judicial and administrative acts;
• automation of distribution of recovered funds.

This effectively creates an end-to-end digital enforcement system, improving speed, transparency, and traceability of proceedings.

Expansion of creditor participation

 

A notable innovation is the introduction of mechanisms allowing creditors to perform certain enforcement actions directly, without breaching constitutional protections.

This reflects a shift toward:

• reducing dependence on state enforcement bodies;
• increasing procedural flexibility;
• accelerating recovery processes.

New mechanisms for asset recovery and realization

 

The reform introduces updated approaches to asset recovery, particularly:

• transfer of seized vehicles and real estate directly to the State Assets Management Agency;
• sale of assets through electronic online auctions;
• involvement of tax authorities and banks in execution procedures for: tax debt recovery; secured кредит obligations.

As detailed on pages 2–3, procedural actions related to seizure and inspection of assets may now be carried out by authorized tax officials or bank representatives in certain cases.

Special rules for specific enforcement scenarios

 

The framework introduces targeted procedural changes, including:

• termination of enforcement proceedings in certain cases upon death or disappearance of the debtor;
• mechanisms allowing use of funds from frozen accounts of legal entities for: salary payments; коммунальные services.

These measures aim to balance enforcement with business continuity and social considerations.

Strengthening enforcement of alimony obligations

 

The reform introduces stricter enforcement tools for alimony payments.

In particular:

• restrictions may be imposed on: major transactions; access to financial and certain public services;
• such restrictions remain in place until full repayment of задолженность.

This represents a shift toward behavioral enforcement mechanisms targeting non-compliant debtors.

Institutional and systemic changes

 

Additional structural measures include:

• development of specialized enforcement capacity, including additional staffing;
• integration of data exchange across government systems and digital platforms;
• increased transparency and notification mechanisms for individuals regarding enforcement actions.

Implications

 

The reform marks a transition from a traditional enforcement model to a hybrid digital system combining automation, AI, and decentralized execution mechanisms.

Key implications include:

• reduced reliance on state bailiffs;
• faster and more predictable enforcement procedures;
• increased role of creditors and financial institutions;
• higher compliance pressure on debtors through automated controls.

Uzbekistan is moving toward a technology-driven enforcement ecosystem, where digital tools and AI play a central role in execution of judicial and administrative decisions.

If effectively implemented, the reform could significantly improve enforcement efficiency and reshape the balance between state authorities and private actors in the recovery process.