Uzbekistan is introducing a unified QR code system for payments, aimed at simplifying cashless transactions and enabling interoperability across banks and payment service providers.

The framework is designed to accelerate digital payments, reduce the shadow economy and create a more integrated payment ecosystem.

Single QR code for all payment providers

 

The key feature of the reform is the introduction of a unified QR code standard allowing:

• customers to pay using any banking or payment application;
• seamless interaction between different payment systems;
• elimination of fragmentation in QR-based payments.

The system is built to ensure interoperability across all market participants.

Mandatory implementation across businesses

 

The rollout of the unified QR code forms part of a broader policy:

• all businesses in trade and services are expected to accept payments via the unified QR system;
• non-use of the system may be treated as a violation of trading rules.

This positions the QR code as a standard payment acceptance tool across the economy.

Static and dynamic QR codes

 

The framework distinguishes between two types of QR codes:

• static QR codes – linked to fixed payment details;
• dynamic QR codes – generated per transaction, including amount and parameters.

Dynamic QR codes:

• include a unique identifier;
• have a limited validity period;
• enhance transaction security and traceability.

Role of banks and payment providers

 

Banks acting as acquirers are responsible for:

• issuing QR codes to merchants;
• ensuring secure and uninterrupted payment processing;
• providing devices or solutions for generating dynamic QR codes.

Payment service providers must:

• integrate QR scanning functionality into mobile applications;
• ensure user-friendly payment interfaces.

User functionality and transparency

 

Mobile applications must provide:

• automatic population of payment details;
• display of payment amount and applicable fees;
• confirmation of transactions;
• access to transaction history and real-time receipts.

In addition, users must have access to:

• customer support services;
• complaint submission and tracking tools.

System operator and infrastructure

 

A dedicated QR system operator is responsible for:

• managing the infrastructure;
• ensuring real-time data exchange between participants;
• processing clearing information;
• monitoring transactions and risks.

The system also includes:

• a unified registry of QR identifiers;
• real-time transaction monitoring and alerts.

Compliance and security requirements

 

The framework imposes strict requirements on participants:

• compliance with AML/CFT rules;
• adherence to cybersecurity and data protection standards;
• secure processing and storage of transaction data.

The Central Bank retains supervisory authority over the system.

Implications

 

The introduction of a unified QR code system has several implications:

• businesses gain a standardized and widely accepted payment method;
• consumers benefit from flexibility and ease of use;
• banks and fintechs operate within an integrated ecosystem;
• regulators gain better visibility over transactions.

The reform is expected to significantly expand cashless payments and strengthen financial transparency across the economy.